The Korean Surgical Infections Society (KSIS) aims to manage the surgical infection specialized in Korea. The Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is defined as infection occurring in the incision and organ of the patient undergoing surgery. SSI is one of the most common hospital-associated infections, causing an extension of hospitalization and an increase in medical costs. About 55% of SSI are reported to be preventable by carrying out an evidence-based strategy, and all medical staff and medical periods should perform effective practice to prevent it. Although the World Health Organization (WHO) also announced practice guidelines through systematic review and meta-analysis in 2016, additional surgical guidelines are needed for prevention of SSI. The KSIS recognizes the need to prevent SSI in Korea. The Evidence-based Practice Guideline for the Prevention of SSI by the Practice Guideline Committee in the KSIS was developed as an “Adaptation and GRADE-ADOLOPENT” methods and was applied to reinforce and update for WHO Guideline 2016. Among the WHO 2016 and other existing SSI guidelines were reviewed, the application target was selected as a key question according to the Korean domestic surgical environment, and the literature was searched by expanding to January 2021, and systematic review and analysis of the literature was performed, and the Evidence-based Practice Guideline for the Prevention of SSI was reported herein.